Amalek

Amalek was the son of Eliphaz by his concubine Timna, and the grandson of Esau (Genesis 36:12, 16). He became the eponymous ancestor of the Amalekites, the nomadic people who first attacked Israel in the wilderness at Rephidim (Exodus 17:8–16) and who repeatedly preyed on Israelite settlements throughout the period of the judges. The Amalekites' unprovoked attack on Israel's rear guard—targeting the weak and weary—resulted in God's declaration of perpetual war against them (Deuteronomy 25:17–19). Saul's failure to destroy them fully, and David's subsequent campaigns, mark the Amalekites as one of the defining enemies of Israel in the historical narrative.