Romans 14:9
For to this end Christ both died, and rose, and revived, that he might be Lord both of the dead and living.
הערת לימוד
Study Note
This compact christological statement grounds the entire argument of Romans 14 about mutual forbearance in the strong/weak controversy: Christ's death and resurrection have established his universal lordship over both the dead and the living. The threefold verb cluster 'died, rose, and revived' (apethanen kai ezēsen) functions as a condensed kerygma that parallels the early creedal formulae in 1 Corinthians 15:3–4 and Philippians 2:8–9. The lordship claimed here is explicitly posthumous — Christ's authority extends over those who have already died — which demolishes the Corinthian and Roman debates about whether the dead in Christ are still 'his.' The verse anticipates the judgment seat of Christ (v. 10), where universal accountability to the risen Lord becomes the equalizing principle that renders human judgment of fellow believers inappropriate.
תרגומים נוספים
For to this end Christ died and lived again, that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living.
for because of this Christ both died and rose again, and lived again, that both of dead and of living he may be Lord.
And for this purpose Christ went into death and came back again, that he might be the Lord of the dead and of the living.
הפניות צולבות
Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul …
Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because …
And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.
Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and to enter into his glory?
For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son:
That all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. He that honoureth not the Son honoureth …
And hath given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man.
And shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, …
The word which God sent unto the children of Israel, preaching peace by Jesus Christ: (he is Lord of all:)
And he commanded us to preach unto the people, and to testify that it is he which was ordained of …