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Jannes, together with Jambres, is cited in 2 Timothy 3:8 as an example of those who 'oppose the truth' through corrupt minds and counterfeit faith. Paul draws on a Jewish tradition that identified these two as the Egyptian magicians who performed signs before Pharaoh in imitation of Moses (Exodus 7:11). Their names appear in Jewish literature including the Damascus Document from Qumran and later rabbinic texts, reflecting a well-known oral and written tradition about the adversaries of Moses. Paul uses them as a typological warning about false teachers whose deceptive practices will ultimately be exposed.