Jude 1:16
These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage.
Nota de Estudo
Study Note
The characterisation of false teachers as 'murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men's persons in admiration because of advantage' deploys language from Israel's wilderness tradition — 'murmurers' (gongystai) echoes the repeated 'murmuring' (gongysmoi) of Exodus and Numbers. The phrase 'great swelling words' (hyperonka, literally over-sized) and flattery of influential people for personal gain together profile the ancient sophist-type: impressive rhetoric deployed for social advancement rather than truth-seeking. This combination of complaint-culture, self-indulgence, rhetoric, and sycophancy presents a coherent sociological type that recurs across centuries in critiques of corrupt religious leadership. The verse contributed to the New Testament's consistent polemic against ministry that serves the minister's appetite rather than the community's needs.
Outras Traduções
These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their lusts (and their mouth speaketh great swelling words), showing respect of persons for the sake of advantage.
These are murmurers, repiners; according to their desires walking, and their mouth doth speak great swellings, giving admiration to persons for the sake of profit;
These are the men who make trouble, ever desiring change, going after evil pleasures, using high-sounding words, respecting men's position in the hope of reward.
Referências Cruzadas
For which cause both thou and all thy company are gathered together against the Lord: and what is Aaron, that …
And the men, which Moses sent to search the land, who returned, and made all the congregation to murmur against …
And ye murmured in your tents, and said, Because the Lord hated us, he hath brought us forth out of …
How much less to him that accepteth not the persons of princes, nor regardeth the rich more than the poor? …
Let me not, I pray you, accept any man’s person, neither let me give flattering titles unto man.
He that speaketh flattery to his friends, even the eyes of his children shall fail.
For thou hast hid their heart from understanding: therefore shalt thou not exalt them.
To have respect of persons is not good: for for a piece of bread that man will transgress.
They also that erred in spirit shall come to understanding, and they that murmured shall learn doctrine.
And when they saw it, they all murmured, saying, That he was gone to be guest with a man that …