Deuteronomy 4:26
I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over Jordan to possess it; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but shall utterly be destroyed.
Çalışma Notu
Study Note
Moses invokes 'heaven and earth as witnesses' against Israel (a covenant-treaty formula), providing a formula of solemn legal testimony that draws on the ancient Near Eastern tradition of deities as treaty witnesses. The ironic twist in Israelite usage is that YHWH, who is normally the guarantor of treaties, here witnesses against his own people — the creation itself (heaven and earth) serves as the impartial court record of covenant stipulations. The Song of Moses (Deuteronomy 32:1) opens with the same formula ('Give ear, O heavens; hearken, O earth'), and Isaiah 1:2 begins similarly — establishing a canonical tradition of prophetic lawsuit (rib) using cosmic witnesses. The motif is important for understanding how covenant documents were legally formulated in the ancient world and how biblical prophecy appropriates that legal structure.
Diğer Çeviriler
I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over the Jordan to possess it; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but shall utterly be destroyed.
I have caused to testify against you this day the heavens and the earth, that ye do perish utterly hastily from off the land whither ye are passing over the Jordan to possess it; ye do not prolong days upon it, but are utterly destroyed;
May heaven and earth be my witnesses against you today, that destruction will quickly overtake you, cutting you off from that land which you are going over Jordan to take; your days will not be long in that land, but you will come to a complete end.
Çapraz Referanslar
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