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A domesticated animal representing strength, service, and sacrifice in biblical symbolism. Oxen plowed fields (1 Kings 19:19), threshed grain (Deuteronomy 25:4), and were offered as sacrifices (1 Kings 8:63). Paul quoted the law about not muzzling the ox to argue that ministers deserve support (1 Corinthians 9:9). Proverbs 14:4 observes, 'Where there are no oxen, the manger is empty, but from the strength of an ox come abundant harvests.' An ox-like face appears among Ezekiel's four living creatures (Ezekiel 1:10) and Revelation's four living creatures (Revelation 4:7), traditionally representing service and sacrifice. Luke's Gospel, emphasizing Jesus' humanity and service, is symbolically associated with the ox.