Công Vụ 2:23
Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:
Ghi chú nghiên cứu
Study Note
Peter's Pentecost sermon declares that Jesus was 'delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God' yet 'crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men' — a compressed statement of the theological paradox of divine sovereignty and human culpability. The phrase 'definite plan and foreknowledge' (hōrismenē boulē kai prognōsei) reflects early Christian conviction that the cross was not an accident of history but the execution of a divine purpose (see also Acts 4:28). Yet 'lawless men' (anomōn) maintains full human moral responsibility: divine foreordination does not transfer guilt from human agents to God. This verse is foundational for Christian theodicy — understanding why the suffering of the innocent Son of God is consistent with a good and sovereign God.
Bản dịch khác
him, being delivered up by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye by the hand of lawless men did crucify and slay:
this one, by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, being given out, having taken by lawless hands, having crucified--ye did slay;
Him, when he was given up, by the decision and knowledge of God, you put to death on the cross, by the hands of evil men:
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Who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you,
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But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus.