列祖时期

God calls Abram from Ur of the Chaldees to a land He will show him, promising to make him a great nation, bless him, and bless all families of the earth through him. Abraham obeys by faith.

God establishes a formal covenant with Abraham, promising countless descendants and the land of Canaan. The covenant is sealed through circumcision as an outward sign.

The miraculous birth of Isaac to Abraham (100 years old) and Sarah (90 years old), fulfilling God's promise. Isaac is the child of promise through whom the covenant line continues.

God tests Abraham by commanding him to sacrifice Isaac on Mount Moriah. Abraham obeys, but God provides a ram as a substitute — a profound foreshadowing of Christ's substitutionary sacrifice.

The twin sons of Isaac — Jacob, the younger, receives the birthright and blessing through cunning, then flees from Esau's wrath. God later renames Jacob 'Israel' after wrestling with him at Peniel.

Jacob's favorite son Joseph is sold into slavery by his jealous brothers and taken to Egypt. Through imprisonment and divine gift of dream interpretation, Joseph rises to become Egypt's second-in-command.